Preparation of nanocarbon and metal oxide based composite material for X-band electromagnetic absorption

Abstract

Electromagnetic waves are believed to be highly effectively absorbed by composite materials based on nanocarbon and magnetic oxides. In this study, NiFeMgOx multi-metal oxide nanoparticles were prepared by homogeneous precipitation process and then, CNT fibers were chemically vapor deposited onto NiFeMgOx to obtain the CNT/NiFeMgOx material. SEM, XRD, and BET techniques were used to characterize the composition of composite materials, and electromagnetic properties such as conductivity, coercivity, and saturation magnetic moment were also investigated. The findings of the study indicated that CNT fibers grew effectively on the surface of NiFeMgOx nanoparticles. Multi-metallic oxide composed of NiO, FeO and MgO covered with highly graphitized CNTs fibers. The resulting composite material exhibited a concentrated pore distribution ranging from 10 to 50 nanometers and a specific surface area of 90 m2/g. The micro-structured material includes hollow carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers measuring approximately 50 nm in diameter and 2 nm to 4 nm in wall thickness. The CNTs/NiFeMgOx material showed low coercivity (Hc = 1500 Oe) and high magnetic saturation (Ms = 11.5 emu/g), which makes it a great candidate for the fabrication of materials that absorb electromagnetic radiation. On the basis of CNT/NiFeMgOx composites, magnetic powder, carbon black, and adhesives, electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials are produced. The results suggest that an X-band material with a thickness of 1.5 mm and an adhesive content of 20% may successfully reduce electromagnetic wave reflection by up to to be -35 dB. The CNTs/NiFeMgOx composite material has a lot of opportunities to develop to a novel electromagnetic wave adsorbent material system with numerous outstanding characteristics.