Study of Design andManufacture for One-Line Rice Color Sorting Machine

Use your smartphone to scan this QR code and download this article ABSTRACT Vietnam is one of the major paddy producers in the world in which the rice processing to pass the international quality standards is one of the huge problems need to be solved. One of these problems is how to separating the different color rice during the processing that plays an important role to improve the quality of rice for export. Therefore, ``Rice color separation machine'' is an important equipment of the rice harvested processing line. During the study to solve these problems at the LAMICO Company, a big company in the field of rice processing in Vietnam, we have designed, tested, and manufactured a machine for rice color separating by using the camera successful. This device helps classify finished rice and whereby, export value of Vietnam rice also increases. After checking and experimental investigation the working of themachine directly in some rice processing factories in the Mekong River Delta, the results indicate that the machine works very efficiency and separate all different color rice mix in the processing line. This paper presents the mechanical design solutions for the adjust slide and spraying equipment position structural of the rice color separationmachines. Slides, spraying equipment and feeder are main structures in themechanical cluster of the rice color separation machine and their relative positions are important parameters in deciding the accuracy and response ability of the spraying equipment as well as identifying rice lines of the cameras. This paper proposes the design calculation determining parameters of the relative distance for a standard working mode and make the gap adjustment mechanism for the color rice separator machine can best respond the part of the image recognition camera control.


INTRODUCTION
In the internal Vietnam economy, agriculture is the most spread sector with high connectivity with many other economic sectors. Particularly within the food processing industry, the processed rice exports industry accounted for 15% of the country's export turnover of $ 3.7 billion in 2012. So as to achieve the above results, the automation problem in the rice processing chain is strategic and that is a matter of Government concern and development. Rice color separator machine is a device in the modern production line in the finished products (Figure 1), so that it is highly determinant in the automatic processing line for exported rice.

RESEARCH METHODS
In this study, we used the theoretical analysis to calculate the parameters of machine. The modeling method also is used for designing the machine. Rice color separator machine is designed based on the principle of image recognition and processing by realtime high speed CCD camera in suitable light environment. In order to perform color separation, there are three basic elements: image processing algorithms, lighting methods to recognize object and mechanical frames. In this, the mechanical system is responsible for feeding rice during the operation to ensure the productivity and separation rice when the control signal is appeared. Accurate and precise separation of the rice is critical requirement to the machine's performance. In actual practice, the relative position between the feeder, spraying equipment and the camera angle is critical effect to the accuracy of the separation.

Calculation and design process
Therefore, the angle of the spraying equipment α, the opening angle δ , the length of the feeder L, the coefficient of friction of the spraying equipment with rice f. Calculation value v ck = 4.376 m/s Calculate the orbit of the rice in space. In this section the, determination of the distance between the spraying equipment and the camera to meet image processing speed limit and response capacity of the actuator is pneumatic valve frequency 500~1.000 Hz. Calculate the amount of time's the grain falls from the feeder move to the camera.
Calculate the amount of time the rice falls from the feeder to the spraying equipment t p and y p . Calculate the time of movement from the camera to the spraying equipment.
Calculate the falling coordinates of finished rice.
Given y = h (1.020 mm), the value given in the highselective design for the rice color separator machine. Solving the equation (5), we calculate the long range value from which the basis of choice is the width of the feeder, x = ∆a = 223 mm.
v px = v ck cos α (6) The velocity of injection spraying equipment on the rice by the spray force F, the calculated value of the force is based on the spraying equipment pressure at the 15 mm section. F=ma dv = F m dt Integral for two equations, with selective time t being the response time of the spraying equipment. We get the velocity value acting on the rice.
The total velocity of rice at the starting point of air injection with the angle Solving the equation (9) with y = 0 (Fig 5) results in the calculation of the longest range of classified rice x = ∆b = 535 mm; calculating the value of the raw material feeder in the design.

Investigate the relationship and choose the appropriate altitude
The time response factor is the factor that affects the relative position of the image and pneumatic center spray point, which determines the accuracy of the rice classify process. Therefore, in the design needs to calculate a pair of values (y1; y2; t) accordingly. The image processing time is 1 ms, the signal transmission time is 0.2 ms, the response time of the compressed air valve is 1ms, so we can calculate the total response time as fast as possible is: t du =2.2 ms. Based on the control time response, the results of the computation showed that the appropriate pairs value were selected (Table 1). (y 1 ;y 2 ;t)=(4;11;2.5)

DEMONSTRATION -RESULT-DISCUSSION
The gas law in the top of the spraying equipment is so complex that it is difficult to conduct a pressure profile survey at any cross section to select the most suitable distance of the spraying equipment to the orbit of rice, so the simulation will take less time and consistent with the problem of complex fluid [3][4][5] . Furthermore, the convergence problem at the cross section will determine the accuracy as well as the color separation of rice. The results of the calculation are presented at the center of the pneumatic hole located at the l5mm line of rice ( Figure 6).

CONCLUSION -EVELOPMENT DIRECTION Conclusion
The following conclusions can be drawn from the research and experimental operation of the device: -ANSYS software results show that the design of the spraying equipment is focused and that the pressure parameters at any cross section determine the position of the spraying equipment with the orbit of the rice which is suitable for classification. The calculation of the above parameters will be very complicated and sometimes not possible due to the large volume of calculations.
-Accurate calculations of the relative position between leaning feeder, cameras and spraying equipment are very important parameters, it determine the classification performance of the machine when combined with the image recognition system.
-Basing on this calculation, we can use to design the operation mechanism of the rice color separator machine.

Development direction
-Rice color separator machine is a device in the modern rice processing line, which is integrating with the whole rice processing chain is a matter of concern.
-In addition, the built-in modular design makes easy maintenance and replacement.
-The mechanical solution helps to improve the color separation of the machine, reducing the proportion of bad rice in the best product.